It started with Sputnik

	Internet History
Lesson plans

It started with Sputnik
1957. Sputnik launched by the USSR. 1958. President Eisenhower created the Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), which brought brilliant people together to focus first on getting a satellite into space.
1962. ARPA started a project to work with universities to make military computers more interactive via a "distributed network structure."
	1969. There were four nodes on the ARPA Network:University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), University of California Santa Barbara (UCSB), University of Utah and the Stanford Research Institute (SRI). Researchers at UCLA logged in to a computer at SRI. 1971. The first email was sent. 1972. the first public demonstration of Arpanet. 1976. With about 100 nodes (hosts) connected, Queen Elizabeth sends an email. 1979. First Usenet discussion groups. Think of email and Usenet as text messaging. Computer screens looked like this.
	1990. There were over 300,000 host computers. Person-to-person messaging had been established, but file sharing was still awkward.
	A node is a computer terminal on a network. A host is a computer that houses files that another computer can access via a network. A server is a host that serves up files that are web pages.


Let's talk about files
	What is a file? Computers are used to create and store files. Via a network, files on one computer can be shared with computers in other locations.

1990: The advent of the World Wide Web

Tim Berners-Lee

By 1990, computer people could access files on remote computers because they knew how. The world needed a better way. At big CERN research labs in Switzerland, Tim Berners-Lee and Robert Cailliau developed the first browser that allowed users to click on hypertext links to obtain files from other computers. That led to the 1993 development of Mosaic, the first commercial browser, which evolved into Netscape. Early technology licensed to Microsoft led to the Internet Explorer.

Enquire within about everything
As a child, Berners-Lee had found an old book of household hints in his parents' house titled Enquire within about Everything. Published in 1875, it seemed to contain answers to every problem in the world. In 1980, he named his first hypertext system Enquire. In 1990, he and Calliau came up with another name: World Wide Web. The name refers to all of the files stored on all of the world's Internet servers, that are accessible via point-and-click hypertext links. With access to all the world's servers, we can indeed enquire within about everything.

Before the web, companies like AOL and CompuServe were offering services to their customers. With the advent of the Web, they had to offer access to the web as well. Another view of the history.